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Tut's tomb : a unique opportunity 30s

Playing the solid gold funerary mask of King Tut (1336-1327 BC)

this summer (it will be until October) , I have enjoyed in Madrid in one of the most interesting exhibitions I've ever seen: the recreation of the most famous pharaoh's tomb (not the most important) of history, Tutankhamun , as found by the Egyptologist Howard Carter in 1922, when he said see wonderful things.

Video on Tutankhamun exhibition

The patron Lord Carnarvon excavation could not wait, we ate at the anxiety and nervous Carter had asked about what could sense, through ; the wall, in the light of a candle, in the newly found tomb KV62 in the Valley of the Kings . I never seen it, one of the key moments of archeology: the first and only pharaonic tomb found without being sacked, as was left more than 3300 years ago by the ancient Egyptians.

objects stacked on the sides, messy, but intact, even with organic waste from the food left for the dead pharaoh could eat in the afterlife, a collection of invaluable, many gold-coated parts (some gold as one of the sarcophagi or funerary mask of the first picture), ivory, lapis lazuli, rubies and gems of all kinds, precious woods such as ebony or cedar brought from Lebanon, etc.

Canopy gold surrounded by goddesses within the canopic jars with the pharaoh bodies

The statements in the House are re-creations, as originals are in the Egyptian Museum Cairo, but better! because they are faithful reproductions of all the pieces found, made by craftsmen using techniques and materials similar (obviously not with gold or gemstones, but gives the hit perfectly) and therefore no wear and tear on materials, inevitable for so long, despite the closed atmosphere of the tomb.

Small statues of the pharaoh in various activities (fishing, topped ...) and gods

But the visit to the tomb of the living image of Amun (meaning the name of Tutankhamun) is not just a collection of objects, is a careful walk through the history of Egypt's New Kingdom and XVIII dynasty. Starting with a geographic context and hitórico to continue with a sculpture gallery, adorned with visual, concise and informative panels all helped by a clear audio guide.

Anubis acompaña al faraón que recibe un anj (llave de la vida) de la diosa Isis

Posteriormente se visita la recreación en sí de la tumba, en una atmósfera que ayuda a aumentar el misterio, se recorren las pequeñas estancias que conformaban esta modesta tumba, realizada apresuradamente para un faraón joven (sólo 19 años) que murió prematuramente. ¡Imaginad cómo pudo ser la tumba de Ramses II que reinó más de 60 años...!

 Sarcófagos gold where it lay wrapped in bandages mummy of Tutankhamun

Finally on the top floor presents all the parts: coffin, coffins covered with gold (there were up to 3 within each other), statues of the pharaoh and gods, cars for hunting or warfare, furniture (especially nice for its decor and technical expertise) and everyday objects of all kinds, with its accompanying explanation of its features and function.

is an opportunity not to be missed if you want to know a bit of history and more specifically, the Egypt of the Pharaohs at the height of their civilization. Also let you take pictures without flash (all item pictures I made with the phone and know it), so you can come in handy for jobs that you can send.

Sandals and gold thimbles pharaoh. These feet were really well looked after!

The following articles discuss some aspects of Egyptian civilization, as their religion, writing, art ...

To inform you about the visits to the exhibition, prices, etc. Go to the website http://www.tutankhamon-madrid.es/

Photos Juanjo Martínez

Mody Mount & Blade 1.011

Madrid: Land of Welcome (Show Miguel Hernández)

Comparison of the Gran Vía 30's and current ( obtained 2.bp.blogspot.com)

Madrid of the 30's was the center not only political but cultural in Spain, especially in the literary aspect. The capital had become a cosmopolitan city, a symbol of modernity to which he aspired, and its main mirror was the construction of the Great Way, which had been rising since 1910 and conceived as an avenue to Broadway style, with cinemas, theaters, shops, offices, bars and cafes .

Carrión Building 1933, where now stands the famous neon sign of Schweppes (obtained from www.viejo-madrid.es)

In the cultural environment of the Madrid highlighted some key points: from antiquity the University had been a center of culture and republicanism, the Fine Arts focused artistic innovations, literary gatherings also coffee and magazines agglutinated news from this area.

View of the Gran Via and the Edificio Telefonica, 1929 (obtained from estb.msn.com)

But especially significant was the Student Residence linked to the institution Free of Education, which studied major intellectual figures such as when they met Lorca, Dalí and Buñuel. There were held gatherings, concerts, plays ... with distinguished guests such as Ortega y Gasset and Juan Ramón Jiménez and members of the generation of 27 Rafael Alberti, Jorge Guillén, Gerardo Diego ...

FG Lorca (center) and fellow at the Residencia de Estudiantes (obtained from www.juntadeandalucia.es)

Madrid during this period was the place where you could meet established authors, participate in literary circles of the first order, getting contacts for publishing and become known in the world of literature, in one word: success

Café Gijón (Recoletos, 21), still survive in Madrid cafe classics where intellectuals gathered (obtained from minibar.files.wordpress.com)

With that goal Miguel Hernández traveled to Madrid in late 1931, but their stay will be difficult to not get a job, from hardship and also fails in the goal of establishing cultural encounters in the capital, so disappointed to return in mid-1932 Orihuela.

Miguel Hernandez in Orihuela native (obtained from 4.bp.blogspot.com)

However

will try again with his second and final trip to Madrid in 1934, having already published in Murcia and receiving additional support. This time come in contact with the literary environment of the moment, by Alberti, Lorca, Zambrano ... but with whom he establishes a closer relationship will be with Vicente Aleixandre, and especially with Pablo Neruda shared their political and social ideas.

Tribute to Vicente Aleixandre for "Destruction or Love" 1934: Miguel Hernández (far left standing), sitting next to Pedro Salinas, Pablo Neruda (standing second from right) sitting Jose Bergamin and Vicente Aleixandre (first and third from right) and soil Gerardo Diego. Image obtained from www.miguelhernandezvirtual.com

Thanks to their contacts, get a job in the work about bullfighting bulls of J.M ª Cossio and finally get published in Madrid in various literary magazines such as Cruz y Raya led by Jose Bergamin (arising from the Lion coffee gathering) and also collaborates with his friend Pablo Neruda in his magazine Green Horse for poetry.

Magazines in publishing and collaboration Miguel Hernández, along with Pablo Neruda and Jose Bergamin (Obtained from 1.bp.blogspot.com)

Finally, thanks to the publication of his first book The ray that does not stop in 1936 reached recognition he craved, in the interest of Ortega in the prestigious Revista de Occidente and Juan Ramón Jiménez in his criticism of the newspaper El Sol .

Desnudo Delorrena Herrera

Civil War (Show Miguel Hernández)

famous photograph by Robert Capa, The death of a militiaman , broke the English Civil War in the world (obtained from bibliocriptana.feles.worpress . com)

The July 18, 1936 part of the army took up arms against the Popular Front Republican government to establish a dictatorship led by General Mola in Navarra and General Franco in North Africa. However, the coup failed to dominate no large cities except Seville and Spain was divided into two areas facing.

banner with the famous slogan It will not in the C / Toledo (obtained from sp3.fotolog.com)

Radicalism scored in the dispute, as it focused on the war as a struggle between fascism and communism. The National Bank was supported by the army, the traditionalists (Carlist), the Falange fascist party and the support of the Catholic Church. The Republican side was overwhelmed by the activities of trade unions (CNT and UGT) and leftist parties (PCE, POUM). the Crusade was against the Revolution.

Posters calling phalanx warfare (rayosycentellas obtained. net) and Republican militias (imag.lecturalia.com)

International intervention strengthened the confrontation between fascism and communism, as General Franco was a major military aid and equipment Fascist Italy Mussolini (CTV) and the Hitler's Germany (Legion Condor), while the Republican administration got support from only Soviet Union of Stalin and the Communist volunteers of the International Brigades.

Parade in honor of Nazi troops of the Legion Condor (obtained from concejoabierto.file.wordpress.com)

The war was initially developed with the aim of the rebels to win Madrid, where there were the battles of Jarama, Guadalajara, Brunete. But it was impossible to get the war more forcefully moved to other fronts: the north of Spain fell to Franco in 1937 and early 1938 after the Battle of Teruel the National isolated Catalonia. The Republicans tried to fight back in the summer of 1938 at the Ebro, where the battle occurred bloody war, but that was the beginning of the end, because after it, in the winter of 1938/1939 was conquered Catalonia and the Republican defeat was imminent, and occurred on April 1, 1939.

Map of the evolution of the Civil War 1936-1939 (obtained of usuarios.multimanía.es)

called the first days of the National Uprising were very bloody because both sides pursued a terrible repression against its potential enemies. Were murdered without trial and leaving the bodies (trade unionists, religious, political, prominent persons from each side ...) in the gutters of roads and cemeteries, but even worse is that this situation was extended to areas that changed hands during the war . One of the most popular paseillo of this repression was the shooting of Federico García Lorca in Granada at the hands of the Falange.

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Trailer for the film Death in Granada that shows the end of Federico García Lorca

in the war also developed other terrible tragedies such as starvation that was passed in the cities, where bugs lentils with potatoes and citrus was a delicacy. Also horrible were the indiscriminate bombings on the Republican zone, the cities of Madrid or Barcelona, \u200b\u200bbut which highlighted the destruction of Guernica.

The Picasso Guernica, a symbol of civilian suffering, portrays the bombing of the city (1937) (obtained from chekinaddicts.files.wordpress.com)

Intellectuals in the Civil War were identified mainly with the republic, among them was Miguel Hernández that enlisted in the 5th Regiment where he became culture commissar actively working to raise morale of the soldiers, reciting and writing, of this period are Wind Village (1937), Pastor of death (1938) and as more resigned in defeat lurks Man (1939).

Photo of Miguel Hernández addressing soldiers and the International Brigades (obtained from elpais.com) and 5 th Regiment Poster communist (obtained from 2.bp.blogspot.com)

The consequence of the involvement of many, some intellectuals in defense of the republic was the harsh repression suffered by the Francoist side after the war, shot or imprisoned in appalling conditions to a large number of people. To avoid the majority opted for exile (Antonio Machado, Luis Buñuel, Rafael Alberti ...), as well as political, military, doctors, teachers, etc. Miguel Hernández tried in vain to flee to Portugal, but was locked , sentenced first to death, then commuted to 30 years in prison, where he eventually died in 1942 .